Acne scars - A detailed and comprehensive discussion of acne scars begins with the cause of the scars, the prevention of scarring, the types of spots and the treatment of the scars.
Before we talk about scars, a word about spots that look like spots, but not spots in the sense that permanent change has occurred. Although they are not real spots and disappear with time, they can appear and cause trouble.
Macaulays or "pseudo marks" are flat, red or red spots that are the last stage of most inflamed acne lesions. After an inflamed acne injury, a macul can "spot the scar" for up to 6 months. When the macule finally disappears, there is no trace of it - unlike the scar.
Post-inflammatory pigmentation is the discoloration of the skin at the site of a healed or treated acne injury. It is more common in people with darker skin, but occasionally with white skin. Early treatment by a dermatologist can reduce the development of subsequent pigmentation of inflammation. Some post-inflammatory pigmentation can last up to 18 months, especially when exposed to high sunburn. Chemical peeling accelerates the disappearance of post-inflammatory pigmentation.
Macaulays or "pseudo marks" are flat, red or red spots that are the last stage of most inflamed acne lesions. After an inflamed acne injury, a macul can "spot the scar" for up to 6 months. When the macule finally disappears, there is no trace of it - unlike the scar.
Post-inflammatory pigmentation is the discoloration of the skin at the site of a healed or treated acne injury. It is more common in people with darker skin, but occasionally with white skin. Early treatment by a dermatologist can reduce the development of subsequent pigmentation of inflammation. Some post-inflammatory pigmentation can last up to 18 months, especially when exposed to high sunburn. Chemical peeling accelerates the disappearance of post-inflammatory pigmentation.
Causes of acne scars
In simple terms, trauma occurs at the site of tissue injury. They are visible reminders of trauma and tissue repair. In the case of acne, injury is caused by the body's inflammatory response, including sebum, bacteria and dead cells in the plugged sebaceous follicle. As discussed later, there are two types of real spots: (1) depressed areas such as ice-pick scars and (2) inflamed thick tissues such as keloids.
When tissue is damaged, the body moves its repair kits to the injured area. Elements of the repair kit include white blood cells and a range of inflammatory molecules that fight tissue repair and infection. However, when they are finished, they may leave some fuzzy repair areas in the form of fibrous scar tissue or erased tissue.
White blood cells and inflammatory molecules are present for days or weeks at the site of active acne injury. In those with scarring, the result may be acne scarring. However, the incidence and occurrence of scarring is not yet well understood. There is a significant difference in scar formation between one person and another, indicating that some people are more prone to scarring than others. Repeated stains can cause severe inflammatory nodulostatic acne that can aggravate the skin. However, more superficial inflammatory lesions can also cause scarring. Scarring nodulocystic warts are seen in these photos:
The biography of the stains is also not well understood. Some people tolerate their acne scars with little change in life spots, but in others, the skin undergoes some remodeling and acne scars decrease.
People also have different feelings about acne scars. More or less size marks that make one person emotionally disturbed may be accepted by another person as "not bad." For a person with scarring, they are more likely to seek treatment or remove the scar.
When tissue is damaged, the body moves its repair kits to the injured area. Elements of the repair kit include white blood cells and a range of inflammatory molecules that fight tissue repair and infection. However, when they are finished, they may leave some fuzzy repair areas in the form of fibrous scar tissue or erased tissue.
People also have different feelings about acne scars. More or less size marks that make one person emotionally disturbed may be accepted by another person as "not bad." For a person with scarring, they are more likely to seek treatment or remove the scar.
Prevention of acne scars
As discussed in the previous section on the causes of acne scarring, the incidence of scarring varies among different people. It is difficult to tell who the mark is, how wide or deep it is, and how long the mark will last. It is also difficult to pinpoint how to successfully prevent scarring by effective acne treatment.
However, the only way to prevent or limit scarring is to treat pimples early in its course and as long as necessary. The more inflammation can be prevented or controlled, the greater the chance of stopping the scar. (For more information on mild, moderate and severe acne treatments, click on Acne Treatment). Anyone with acne scars should be under the supervision of a dermatologist. (Click to find a dermatologist to find a dermatologist in your geographic area).
However, the only way to prevent or limit scarring is to treat pimples early in its course and as long as necessary. The more inflammation can be prevented or controlled, the greater the chance of stopping the scar. (For more information on mild, moderate and severe acne treatments, click on Acne Treatment). Anyone with acne scars should be under the supervision of a dermatologist. (Click to find a dermatologist to find a dermatologist in your geographic area).
Types of acne scars
There are two common types of acne scars defined by the inflammatory response of the tissue:
- Scarring due to increased tissue formation, and
- Scarring due to tissue damage.
The scarring is due to increased tissue structure
Spots caused by increased tissue formation are called keloids or hypertrophic scars. The term hypertrophy means "rise" or "increase". Both hypertrophic and keloid scar cell substances are associated with high levels of collagen. Excess of collagen is a response to skin cell injury. Extra collagen piles into the fibrous mass, resulting in a smooth, usually irregularly shaped scar. Photo shows common acne keloid:
The normal keloid or hypertrophic scar has a diameter of 1 to 2 millimeters, but some may be as large as 1 cm or more. Keloid spots tend to "walk in families" —that is, abnormal growth of scar tissue, often in individuals with relative spots.
Hypertrophic and keloid scars may persist for years, but may decrease in size over time.
The normal keloid or hypertrophic scar has a diameter of 1 to 2 millimeters, but some may be as large as 1 cm or more. Keloid spots tend to "walk in families" —that is, abnormal growth of scar tissue, often in individuals with relative spots.
Hypertrophic and keloid scars may persist for years, but may decrease in size over time.
Causing scar tissue damage
Acne scars associated with tissue damage - similar to spots from chicken pox - are more common than keloids and hypertrophic spots. Spots associated with tissue damage include:
Ice-pick spots are usually on the cheeks. They are usually small, somewhat jagged edges and steep sides - like bruises from a snowflake. Ice-pick spots may be shallow or deep and may be hard or soft to the touch. Soft spots can be improved by stretching the skin; Hard ice-pick stains cannot be raised.
Depressive fibrotic spots are usually very large, with sharp edges and upright arms. The foundation of these stains is tight to the touch. Ice-pick spots can develop into a depressed fibrotic scar over time.
Soft markings can range from superficial or soft to deep touch. They have a smooth coiled edge that merges with normal skin. They are usually small, and are circular or linear in shape.
Atrophic macules are usually very small when they are on the face, but can be as large as a centimeter or more on the body. They are soft, often with a slightly wrinkled base, and are obscured by blood vessels beneath the scar. Over time, these spots will change from blue to tooth and appear much smaller in people with white skin.
Follicular macular degeneration is most common in the chest or back of a person suffering from acne. They are small, white, smooth sores that often grow above the surface of the skin - somewhat like underdeveloped whiteheads. This condition is sometimes called "peripholistic elastolysis". Injuries can last from months to years.
Ice-pick spots are usually on the cheeks. They are usually small, somewhat jagged edges and steep sides - like bruises from a snowflake. Ice-pick spots may be shallow or deep and may be hard or soft to the touch. Soft spots can be improved by stretching the skin; Hard ice-pick stains cannot be raised.
Depressive fibrotic spots are usually very large, with sharp edges and upright arms. The foundation of these stains is tight to the touch. Ice-pick spots can develop into a depressed fibrotic scar over time.
Soft markings can range from superficial or soft to deep touch. They have a smooth coiled edge that merges with normal skin. They are usually small, and are circular or linear in shape.
Atrophic macules are usually very small when they are on the face, but can be as large as a centimeter or more on the body. They are soft, often with a slightly wrinkled base, and are obscured by blood vessels beneath the scar. Over time, these spots will change from blue to tooth and appear much smaller in people with white skin.
Follicular macular degeneration is most common in the chest or back of a person suffering from acne. They are small, white, smooth sores that often grow above the surface of the skin - somewhat like underdeveloped whiteheads. This condition is sometimes called "peripholistic elastolysis". Injuries can last from months to years.
Treatment for acne scars
There are many treatments available for acne scars through dermatological surgery. The type of treatment you choose should be the best for you in terms of your skin type, cost, and the type of treatment you want to complete, and certain types of treatments can lead to more burning results if you have too much scarring.
The decision to undergo dermatological surgery for acne scars also depends on:
The decision to undergo dermatological surgery for acne scars also depends on:
- The way you feel about the scar. Do acne scars affect your life emotionally or emotionally? Are you ready to "live with your stains" and wait until they fade over time? These are personal decisions you can make.
- The severity of your stain. Are Scars Less Than Objective Assessment?
- The dermatologist has an expert opinion on whether scar treatment is appropriate for your particular case, and which scar treatment is most effective for you.
Before you commit to treating acne scars, you should discuss those questions with your dermatologist clearly and think that someone else is important. You should tell a dermatologist how you feel about your stain. The dermatologist should conduct a thorough examination and determine whether or not to treat it.
The purpose of scar treatment is to give the skin a more acceptable physical appearance. Total restoration of the skin, the procedure you saw before acne is often not possible, but scar treatment usually improves the appearance of your skin.
Currently available scar treatments: collagen injection. Collagen, a common ingredient in the body, is injected into the skin to "stretch" and "fill" some surface and deep soft spots. Collagen therapy generally does not work for ice-pick spots and keloids. Collagen obtained from cows or other non-human sources is not used in people with autoimmune diseases. Human collagen or fascia can be helpful for those who are allergic to cow-derived collagen.
Cosmetic benefits from collagen injections usually last 3 to 6 months. Additional collagen injections are performed at an additional cost to maintain aesthetic benefits.
Autologous fat transfer. The fat is taken from another site in your body and prepared for injection into your skin. Fat is injected beneath the surface of the skin to increase the depression stains. This method of autologous (from one's own body) fat transfer is commonly used to correct the deeper form defects that arise from nodulistic acne. Since fat is absorbed back into the skin within 6 to 18 months, this process should be repeated normally. Long-term results can be obtained with many fat transfer processes.
Dermabrasion. It is considered the most effective treatment for acne scars. Local anesthetic, a high-speed brush or fries, is used to remove superficial skin and change the appearance of the scar. Surface scar can be completely removed and deep scar can be reduced to a depth. Dermabrasion does not work for all types of scars; For example, ice marks are more noticeable if the spots under the skin are wider than the surface. In people with darker skin, dermabrasion can lead to pigmentation changes that require additional treatment.
Microdermabrasion. This new technique is a superficial form of dermabrasion. Instead of a high-speed brush, microdermabrasion uses aluminum oxide crystals that pass through the vacuum tube to remove surface skin. Only the superficial cells of the skin are removed, so no additional injuries can occur. Most procedures are often needed but the scar may not improve significantly.
Laser treatment. Lasers of varying wavelengths and intensities can be used to regenerate scar tissue and reduce skin redness around the acne lesions healed. The type of laser used is determined by the objective of completing the laser treatment. Tissues can be removed with powerful devices such as carbon dioxide lasers. In some cases, a single treatment is necessary to achieve lasting results. Since the skin absorbs powerful energy from the laser, redness can occur for several months after treatment.
Skin surgery. Some ice-pick stains can be removed by the "punch" fraction of each person's mark. In this process each scar increases to the subcutaneous fat layer; The resulting skin can be repaired with perforated stitches or a small skin graft. Subcutaneous is a technique in which a surgical probe is used to remove the skin from the skin without peeling, thereby increasing the depressive scar.
Skin grafting may be necessary under certain conditions - for example, dermabrasion is sometimes caused by an inflammatory response to sebum and bacteria in sebaceous follicles due to large and extensive tunnels (also called sinus tracts). . Skin grafting may be necessary to close the defect of the uncontrolled sinus tract.
Treatment of keloids. Surgical removal is rare if used to treat keloids. A person who has a tendency to turn into keloids due to warts on the skin can also make keloids in response to skin surgery. Keloids are sometimes treated by injecting steroid drugs into the skin around the keloid. Topical retinoic acid can be directly applied to keloids. In some cases, the best treatment for keloids is no treatment.
The purpose of scar treatment is to give the skin a more acceptable physical appearance. Total restoration of the skin, the procedure you saw before acne is often not possible, but scar treatment usually improves the appearance of your skin.
Currently available scar treatments: collagen injection. Collagen, a common ingredient in the body, is injected into the skin to "stretch" and "fill" some surface and deep soft spots. Collagen therapy generally does not work for ice-pick spots and keloids. Collagen obtained from cows or other non-human sources is not used in people with autoimmune diseases. Human collagen or fascia can be helpful for those who are allergic to cow-derived collagen.
Cosmetic benefits from collagen injections usually last 3 to 6 months. Additional collagen injections are performed at an additional cost to maintain aesthetic benefits.
Autologous fat transfer. The fat is taken from another site in your body and prepared for injection into your skin. Fat is injected beneath the surface of the skin to increase the depression stains. This method of autologous (from one's own body) fat transfer is commonly used to correct the deeper form defects that arise from nodulistic acne. Since fat is absorbed back into the skin within 6 to 18 months, this process should be repeated normally. Long-term results can be obtained with many fat transfer processes.
Dermabrasion. It is considered the most effective treatment for acne scars. Local anesthetic, a high-speed brush or fries, is used to remove superficial skin and change the appearance of the scar. Surface scar can be completely removed and deep scar can be reduced to a depth. Dermabrasion does not work for all types of scars; For example, ice marks are more noticeable if the spots under the skin are wider than the surface. In people with darker skin, dermabrasion can lead to pigmentation changes that require additional treatment.
Microdermabrasion. This new technique is a superficial form of dermabrasion. Instead of a high-speed brush, microdermabrasion uses aluminum oxide crystals that pass through the vacuum tube to remove surface skin. Only the superficial cells of the skin are removed, so no additional injuries can occur. Most procedures are often needed but the scar may not improve significantly.
Laser treatment. Lasers of varying wavelengths and intensities can be used to regenerate scar tissue and reduce skin redness around the acne lesions healed. The type of laser used is determined by the objective of completing the laser treatment. Tissues can be removed with powerful devices such as carbon dioxide lasers. In some cases, a single treatment is necessary to achieve lasting results. Since the skin absorbs powerful energy from the laser, redness can occur for several months after treatment.
Skin surgery. Some ice-pick stains can be removed by the "punch" fraction of each person's mark. In this process each scar increases to the subcutaneous fat layer; The resulting skin can be repaired with perforated stitches or a small skin graft. Subcutaneous is a technique in which a surgical probe is used to remove the skin from the skin without peeling, thereby increasing the depressive scar.
Skin grafting may be necessary under certain conditions - for example, dermabrasion is sometimes caused by an inflammatory response to sebum and bacteria in sebaceous follicles due to large and extensive tunnels (also called sinus tracts). . Skin grafting may be necessary to close the defect of the uncontrolled sinus tract.
Treatment of keloids. Surgical removal is rare if used to treat keloids. A person who has a tendency to turn into keloids due to warts on the skin can also make keloids in response to skin surgery. Keloids are sometimes treated by injecting steroid drugs into the skin around the keloid. Topical retinoic acid can be directly applied to keloids. In some cases, the best treatment for keloids is no treatment.
In summary, acne scars are caused by the body's inflammatory response to acne injuries. The best way to prevent scarring is to treat acne as early as possible and as often as necessary. If scarring occurs, there are many effective treatments available. The dermatologist should consult the dermatologist.
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